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Eddie Constantine, Actor: Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution. Iconic American-born singer and actor in international films since the s. IMDb Seen: Eddie Constantine. How many of these titles with Eddie Constantine have you seen? Show: All Roles, Actor, Composer, Self, Soundtrack. in. All Title. IMDb, the world's most popular and authoritative source for movie, TV and celebrity content. Hoppla, jetzt kommt Eddie () Eddie Constantine as Eddie Petersen. Directed by Werner Klingler. With Eddie Constantine, Günther Lüders, Maria Sebaldt, Margit Saad. Sailor Eddie is ordered to take care of four South African. Mark Constantine - Der Lush-Gründer (Von Düften und Vögeln) (TV Short ) Quotes on IMDb: Memorable quotes and exchanges from movies, TV series and. Directed by Susanne Heinrich. With Marie Rathscheck, Nicolai Borger, Malte Bündgen, Dax Constantine. A girl roams through the city looking for a place to.
But there are no immediate plans". Griffiths was cast as the original female lead Liv Aberdine, the daughter of a late friend of John's called Jasper Winters, who comes to discover that she has the ability of seeing the supernatural world among us.
She teams up with Constantine to fight the demons who have targeted her and learn more about her late father. Some of Griffiths' final scenes from the pilot were reshot, explaining why she does not join Constantine in his adventures as originally intended.
In November , NBC announced that they would not be ordering more episodes past the initial order of 13 for the first season, though a second season renewal was not ruled out.
It has a big [delayed] viewership and a younger audience. We love the show and it's safe to say we're still talking about it".
Maybe, there are too many of them". A lot of NBC's decision making will not [ sic ] doubt hinge on their new pilots and how they feel those new shows would fare as a companion piece to Grimm , versus a second season of Constantine ".
Television to shop the series around in an attempt to get it picked up by another network. Television had "tried to find a new home for the show On the many fans who voiced their support for the series in attempting to get it renewed, Cerone said, "we're leaving behind wild and passionate fans who believe in and were moved by what we tried to do.
To leave such a significant, dedicated and active fan base on the table—that's the real sadness. You all deserve many years of the series we set out to make, and we're disappointed that we couldn't deliver that to you".
Constantine aired simultaneously on Global in Canada. The website's consensus reads, " Constantine ' s creepy atmosphere, high-stakes action, and splendid special effects combine with a welcome touch of humor to overcome narrative flaws and present a version of the title character that's close to his comics counterpart".
Kylie Peters of Den of Geek, reviewing the pilot episode, said " Constantine is worth sticking around for. It may not have achieved greatness yet, but it's not half bad either".
Ultimately, Fowler called the season uneven and awarded it a 7. He criticized Lucy Griffiths performance, saying that "unless she was being bribed to kill the show stone dead like an old-time boxer paid to take a fall, there's no way she could have been worse in the part", but praised Ryan, saying that he "brought a certain gravelly charm to the role".
The premiere episode "Non Est Asylum" received an additional 2. The web series was developed by Cool Town Creations to support the petition for the television series to be renewed for a second season.
If Constantine does not succeed, then the NBC network will have no other choice but to cancel the program. That's the tricky thing.
But it comes up in the writers' room constantly—we have a number of ideas, one idea that's particularly exciting to me.
We're in a little bit of a wait-and-see mode". It's something we've been talking to DC about and it's just a question of some political things, but also the actor's schedule.
We're trying to work it out, but we don't know percent if it's going to happen. But we're really optimistic and we would love to have him", presumably talking about Matt Ryan.
In August , it was confirmed that Ryan would appear on Arrow in the fourth season episode " Haunted ", that involved his character being "brought in to deal with the fallout of the resurrection of Sara Lance Caity Lotz via Ra's al Ghul 's Lazarus Pit ".
John Badham , who directed the fifth episode of Constantine , "Danse Vaudou", directed the Arrow episode.
We're just really glad we got the chance to extend Matt Ryan's run as Constantine by at least one more hour of television.
I think you'll see he fits very neatly into our universe. It never feels forced, it feels right". It was revealed in October that Ryan would appear in two episodes of the third season of Legends of Tomorrow , with the appearance taking place chronologically after "Haunted", revisiting the setting of Arrow ' s fourth season and the events following that season's final episode.
CW President Mark Pedowitz noted there had yet to be discussions regarding if any other characters that appeared in the cancelled live-action series to appear in the web series, nor if this version of the character would "connect back to the live action storylines he's been a part of".
DeMatteis wrote the series, which was directed by Dough Murphy. The series premiered on March 24, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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June 30, Retrieved November 4, The Geekiary. Retrieved October 26, Fans Disagree". Retrieved August 15, The Hollywood Reporter.
Retrieved July 11, Retrieved February 20, The Wrap. Retrieved March 17, We'll pitch them our plans for 2nd season in May.
Then they decide". Retrieved February 21, Retrieved April 16, NOW is time to make your voices known!!! Retrieved April 24, Unnamed NBC exec said tell the fans it went well.
Means nothing but hope never hurts. Constantine SaveConstantine Hellblazers". Constantine continued to proclaim his adherence to Christianity, and his reign established influence over religious conflicts within the church.
Not wanting questions about the divine nature of Christ to sow discord, Constantine summoned church officials to the Council of Nicaea in Out of this came the Nicene Creed, which affirmed that Jesus was a divine being.
While in power, Constantine issued reforms intended to strengthen his regime. One such reform was a reorganization of the army, which helped Constantine when he faced tribes such as the Visigoths and the Sarmatians.
Constantine was in Helenopolis, planning a campaign against Persia when he fell ill. He set out to return to Constantinople, but grew worse and was forced to halt his journey.
He had delayed his baptism — a common practice at the time — but now underwent the rite. Constantine died on May 22, , in Ancyrona, near Nicomedia, Bithynia modern-day Izmit, Turkey , at the approximate age of He was buried in Constantinople at the church of the Apostles.
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Alexander the Great served as king of Macedonia from to B. During his time of leadership, he united Greece, reestablished the Corinthian League and conquered the Persian Empire.
By winning wars and expanding territories, he established Prussia as a strong military power. Emperor Haile Selassie I worked to modernize Ethiopia for several decades before famine and political opposition forced him from office in His crowning achievement was his dedication of Constantinople as his new imperial capital in At least openly, Constantine ascribed much of his political success to the grace of a Christian God, even claiming to have won a battle because of a divinely sourced vision he had received beforehand.
He made one of his largest contributions to the faith by summoning the Councils of Arles and Nicaea , which guided church doctrine for centuries afterward.
In Constantine assisted his father , the newly appointed Western emperor, with a campaign in Britain.
A multisided civil war ensued between Constantine and the several other factions vying for the throne. Constantine defeated his main rival for the Western emperorship in and defeated the Eastern emperor in after years of strained relations, thus making Constantine sole ruler of the Roman Empire.
He would direct largely successful campaigns for the rest of his reign, and he died in while preparing for a campaign against the Persians.
Constantine also commissioned monumental works less confessional in character, such as the Arch of Constantine in Rome, although some speculate that it too has Christian resonances.
Constantine himself had two wives: Minerva or Minervina , who bore Constantine his firstborn child, Crispus ; and Fausta, the daughter of the previous Western emperor who bore him three sons.
In , Constantine put Crispus and Fausta to death—an episode that has attracted much speculation but few definitive answers. Constantine left the empire to his three surviving sons upon his death in Constantine was born probably in the later s ce.
A typical product of the military governing class of the later 3rd century, he was the son of Flavius Valerius Constantius, an army officer, and his wife or concubine Helena.
In ce his father was raised to the rank of Caesar, or deputy emperor as Constantius I Chlorus , and was sent to serve under Augustus emperor Maximian in the West.
In Constantius had separated from Helena in order to marry a stepdaughter of Maximian, and Constantine was brought up in the Eastern Empire at the court of the senior emperor Diocletian at Nicomedia modern İzmit, Turkey.
Constantine was seen as a youth by his future panegyrist, Eusebius , bishop of Caesarea, passing with Diocletian through Palestine on the way to a war in Egypt.
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Constantine granted some clemency, but strongly encouraged his suicide. In July AD, Maximian hanged himself. In spite of the earlier rupture in their relations, Maxentius was eager to present himself as his father's devoted son after his death.
According to this, after Constantine had pardoned him, Maximian planned to murder Constantine in his sleep. Fausta learned of the plot and warned Constantine, who put a eunuch in his own place in bed.
Maximian was apprehended when he killed the eunuch and was offered suicide, which he accepted. The death of Maximian required a shift in Constantine's public image.
He could no longer rely on his connection to the elder Emperor Maximian, and needed a new source of legitimacy. Breaking away from tetrarchic models, the speech emphasizes Constantine's ancestral prerogative to rule, rather than principles of imperial equality.
The new ideology expressed in the speech made Galerius and Maximian irrelevant to Constantine's right to rule. The oration also moves away from the religious ideology of the Tetrarchy, with its focus on twin dynasties of Jupiter and Hercules.
Instead, the orator proclaims that Constantine experienced a divine vision of Apollo and Victory granting him laurel wreaths of health and a long reign.
In the likeness of Apollo, Constantine recognized himself as the saving figure to whom would be granted "rule of the whole world", [] as the poet Virgil had once foretold.
In his early reign, the coinage of Constantine advertised Mars as his patron. By the middle of AD, Galerius had become too ill to involve himself in imperial politics.
A hasty peace was signed on a boat in the middle of the Bosphorus. Maxentius' rule was nevertheless insecure. His early support dissolved in the wake of heightened tax rates and depressed trade; riots broke out in Rome and Carthage ; [] and Domitius Alexander was able to briefly usurp his authority in Africa.
He declared war on Constantine, vowing to avenge his father's "murder". Maximinus considered Constantine's arrangement with Licinius an affront to his authority.
In response, he sent ambassadors to Rome, offering political recognition to Maxentius in exchange for a military support. Maxentius accepted. There was "not a place where people were not expecting the onset of hostilities every day".
Constantine's advisers and generals cautioned against preemptive attack on Maxentius; [] even his soothsayers recommended against it, stating that the sacrifices had produced unfavourable omens.
Constantine ordered his men to set fire to its gates and scale its walls. He took the town quickly. Constantine ordered his troops not to loot the town, and advanced with them into northern Italy.
At the approach to the west of the important city of Augusta Taurinorum Turin , Italy , Constantine met a large force of heavily armed Maxentian cavalry.
Constantine's armies emerged victorious. He moved on to Milan, where he was met with open gates and jubilant rejoicing.
Brescia's army was easily dispersed, [] and Constantine quickly advanced to Verona , where a large Maxentian force was camped.
Constantine sent a small force north of the town in an attempt to cross the river unnoticed. Ruricius sent a large detachment to counter Constantine's expeditionary force, but was defeated.
Constantine's forces successfully surrounded the town and laid siege. Constantine refused to let up on the siege, and sent only a small force to oppose him.
In the desperately fought encounter that followed, Ruricius was killed and his army destroyed. Maxentius prepared for the same type of war he had waged against Severus and Galerius: he sat in Rome and prepared for a siege.
He ordered all bridges across the Tiber cut, reportedly on the counsel of the gods, [] and left the rest of central Italy undefended; Constantine secured that region's support without challenge.
The keepers prophesied that, on that very day, "the enemy of the Romans" would die. Maxentius advanced north to meet Constantine in battle.
Maxentius' forces were still twice the size of Constantine's, and he organized them in long lines facing the battle plain with their backs to the river.
Constantine deployed his own forces along the whole length of Maxentius' line. He ordered his cavalry to charge, and they broke Maxentius' cavalry.
He then sent his infantry against Maxentius' infantry, pushing many into the Tiber where they were slaughtered and drowned.
Maxentius rode with them and attempted to cross the bridge of boats Ponte Milvio , but he was pushed into the Tiber and drowned by the mass of his fleeing soldiers.
Constantine entered Rome on 29 October AD, [] [] and staged a grand adventus in the city which was met with jubilation.
An extensive propaganda campaign followed, during which Maxentius' image was purged from all public places. He was written up as a "tyrant" and set against an idealized image of Constantine the "liberator".
Eusebius is the best representative of this strand of Constantinian propaganda. All structures built by him were rededicated to Constantine, including the Temple of Romulus and the Basilica of Maxentius.
Its inscription bore the message which the statue illustrated: By this sign, Constantine had freed Rome from the yoke of the tyrant.
Constantine also sought to upstage Maxentius' achievements. For example, the Circus Maximus was redeveloped so that its seating capacity was 25 times larger than that of Maxentius' racing complex on the Via Appia.
In the following years, Constantine gradually consolidated his military superiority over his rivals in the crumbling Tetrarchy.
In , he met Licinius in Milan to secure their alliance by the marriage of Licinius and Constantine's half-sister Constantia.
During this meeting, the emperors agreed on the so-called Edict of Milan , [] officially granting full tolerance to Christianity and all religions in the Empire.
It repudiates past methods of religious coercion and used only general terms to refer to the divine sphere—"Divinity" and "Supreme Divinity", summa divinitas.
Licinius departed and eventually defeated Maximinus, gaining control over the entire eastern half of the Roman Empire. Relations between the two remaining emperors deteriorated, as Constantine suffered an assassination attempt at the hands of a character that Licinius wanted elevated to the rank of Caesar; [] Licinius, for his part, had Constantine's statues in Emona destroyed.
They clashed again at the Battle of Mardia in , and agreed to a settlement in which Constantine's sons Crispus and Constantine II , and Licinius' son Licinianus were made caesars.
In the year , Licinius allegedly reneged on the religious freedom promised by the Edict of Milan in and began to oppress Christians anew, [] generally without bloodshed, but resorting to confiscations and sacking of Christian office-holders.
Therefore, Licinius was prone to see the Church as a force more loyal to Constantine than to the Imperial system in general, [] as the explanation offered by the Church historian Sozomen.
This dubious arrangement eventually became a challenge to Constantine in the West, climaxing in the great civil war of Licinius, aided by Gothic mercenaries , represented the past and the ancient pagan faiths.
Constantine and his Franks marched under the standard of the labarum , and both sides saw the battle in religious terms. Outnumbered, but fired by their zeal, Constantine's army emerged victorious in the Battle of Adrianople.
Licinius fled across the Bosphorus and appointed Martinian , his magister officiorum , as nominal Augustus in the West, but Constantine next won the Battle of the Hellespont , and finally the Battle of Chrysopolis on 18 September Licinius' defeat came to represent the defeat of a rival centre of pagan and Greek-speaking political activity in the East, as opposed to the Christian and Latin-speaking Rome, and it was proposed that a new Eastern capital should represent the integration of the East into the Roman Empire as a whole, as a center of learning, prosperity, and cultural preservation for the whole of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Special commemorative coins were issued in to honor the event. The new city was protected by the relics of the True Cross , the Rod of Moses and other holy relics , though a cameo now at the Hermitage Museum also represented Constantine crowned by the tyche of the new city.
Constantine built the new Church of the Holy Apostles on the site of a temple to Aphrodite. Generations later there was the story that a divine vision led Constantine to this spot, and an angel no one else could see led him on a circuit of the new walls.
In February , he met with Licinius in Milan and developed the Edict of Milan, which stated that Christians should be allowed to follow their faith without oppression.
The edict protected all religions from persecution, not only Christianity, allowing anyone to worship any deity that they chose. A similar edict had been issued in by Galerius, senior emperor of the Tetrarchy, which granted Christians the right to practise their religion but did not restore any property to them.
Scholars debate whether Constantine adopted his mother Helena's Christianity in his youth, or whether he adopted it gradually over the course of his life.
Constantine possibly retained the title of pontifex maximus which emperors bore as heads of the ancient Roman religion until Gratian renounced the title.
Peter's resting place, so much so that it even affected the design of the basilica, including the challenge of erecting it on the hill where St.
Peter rested, making its complete construction time over 30 years from the date Constantine ordered it to be built.
Constantine might not have patronized Christianity alone. He built a triumphal arch in to celebrate his victory in the Battle of the Milvian Bridge which was decorated with images of the goddess Victoria , and sacrifices were made to pagan gods at its dedication, including Apollo , Diana , and Hercules.
Absent from the Arch are any depictions of Christian symbolism. However, the Arch was commissioned by the Senate, so the absence of Christian symbols may reflect the role of the Curia at the time as a pagan redoubt.
In , he legislated that the venerable Sunday should be a day of rest for all citizens. The reign of Constantine established a precedent for the emperor to have great influence and authority in the early Christian councils, most notably the dispute over Arianism.
Constantine disliked the risks to societal stability that religious disputes and controversies brought with them, preferring to establish an orthodoxy.
North African bishops struggled with Christian bishops who had been ordained by Donatus in opposition to Caecilian from to The African bishops could not come to terms, and the Donatists asked Constantine to act as a judge in the dispute.
Three regional Church councils and another trial before Constantine all ruled against Donatus and the Donatism movement in North Africa. In , Constantine issued an edict to confiscate Donatist church property and to send Donatist clergy into exile.
He enforced the council's prohibition against celebrating the Lord's Supper on the day before the Jewish Passover , which marked a definite break of Christianity from the Judaic tradition.
From then on, the solar Julian Calendar was given precedence over the lunisolar Hebrew Calendar among the Christian churches of the Roman Empire.
Constantine made some new laws regarding the Jews; some of them were unfavorable towards Jews, although they were not harsher than those of his predecessors.
Beginning in the mid-3rd century, the emperors began to favor members of the equestrian order over senators, who had a monopoly on the most important offices of the state.
Senators were stripped of the command of legions and most provincial governorships, as it was felt that they lacked the specialized military upbringing needed in an age of acute defense needs; [] such posts were given to equestrians by Diocletian and his colleagues, following a practice enforced piecemeal by their predecessors.
The emperors, however, still needed the talents and the help of the very rich, who were relied on to maintain social order and cohesion by means of a web of powerful influence and contacts at all levels.
Exclusion of the old senatorial aristocracy threatened this arrangement. In , Constantine reversed this pro-equestrian trend, raising many administrative positions to senatorial rank and thus opening these offices to the old aristocracy; at the same time, he elevated the rank of existing equestrian office-holders to senator, degrading the equestrian order in the process at least as a bureaucratic rank.
By the new Constantinian arrangement, one could become a senator by being elected praetor or by fulfilling a function of senatorial rank.
Constantine gained the support of the old nobility with this, [] as the Senate was allowed itself to elect praetors and quaestors , in place of the usual practice of the emperors directly creating new magistrates adlectio.
An inscription in honor of city prefect — Ceionius Rufus Albinus states that Constantine had restored the Senate "the auctoritas it had lost at Caesar's time".
The Senate as a body remained devoid of any significant power; nevertheless, the senators had been marginalized as potential holders of imperial functions during the 3rd century but could now dispute such positions alongside more upstart bureaucrats.
Some historians suggest that early conversions among the old aristocracy were more numerous than previously supposed.
Constantine's reforms had to do only with the civilian administration. The military chiefs had risen from the ranks since the Crisis of the Third Century [] but remained outside the senate, in which they were included only by Constantine's children.
The third century saw runaway inflation associated with the production of fiat money to pay for public expenses, and Diocletian tried unsuccessfully to re-establish trustworthy minting of silver and billon coins.
The failure resided in the fact that the silver currency was overvalued in terms of its actual metal content, and therefore could only circulate at much discounted rates.
Constantine stopped minting the Diocletianic "pure" silver argenteus soon after , while the billon currency continued to be used until the s.
From the early s on, Constantine forsook any attempts at restoring the silver currency, preferring instead to concentrate on minting large quantities of the gold solidus , 72 of which made a pound of gold.
New and highly debased silver pieces continued to be issued during his later reign and after his death, in a continuous process of retariffing, until this bullion minting ceased in , and the silver piece was continued by various denominations of bronze coins, the most important being the centenionalis.
The author of De Rebus Bellicis held that the rift widened between classes because of this monetary policy; the rich benefited from the stability in purchasing power of the gold piece, while the poor had to cope with ever-degrading bronze pieces.
Constantine's monetary policies were closely associated with his religious policies; increased minting was associated with the confiscation of all gold, silver, and bronze statues from pagan temples between and which were declared to be imperial property.
Two imperial commissioners for each province had the task of getting the statues and melting them for immediate minting, with the exception of a number of bronze statues that were used as public monuments in Constantinople.
Constantine had his eldest son Crispus seized and put to death by "cold poison" at Pola Pula , Croatia sometime between 15 May and 17 June Eusebius, for example, edited out any praise of Crispus from later copies of Historia Ecclesiastica , and his Vita Constantini contains no mention of Fausta or Crispus at all.
A popular myth arose, modified to allude to the Hippolytus — Phaedra legend, with the suggestion that Constantine killed Crispus and Fausta for their immoralities; [] the largely fictional Passion of Artemius explicitly makes this connection.
Although Constantine created his apparent heirs "Caesars", following a pattern established by Diocletian, he gave his creations a hereditary character, alien to the tetrarchic system: Constantine's Caesars were to be kept in the hope of ascending to Empire, and entirely subordinated to their Augustus, as long as he was alive.
Constantine considered Constantinople his capital and permanent residence. He lived there for a good portion of his later life. In construction was completed on Constantine's Bridge at Sucidava, today Celei in Romania [] in hopes of reconquering Dacia , a province that had been abandoned under Aurelian.
In the late winter of , Constantine campaigned with the Sarmatians against the Goths. The weather and lack of food cost the Goths dearly: reportedly, nearly one hundred thousand died before they submitted to Rome.
In , after Sarmatian commoners had overthrown their leaders, Constantine led a campaign against the tribe.
He won a victory in the war and extended his control over the region, as remains of camps and fortifications in the region indicate. The new frontier in Dacia was along the Brazda lui Novac line supported by new castra.
In the last years of his life, Constantine made plans for a campaign against Persia. In a letter written to the king of Persia, Shapur , Constantine had asserted his patronage over Persia's Christian subjects and urged Shapur to treat them well.
In response to border raids, Constantine sent Constantius to guard the eastern frontier in In , Prince Narseh invaded Armenia a Christian kingdom since and installed a Persian client on the throne.
Constantine then resolved to campaign against Persia himself. He treated the war as a Christian crusade, calling for bishops to accompany the army and commissioning a tent in the shape of a church to follow him everywhere.
Constantine planned to be baptized in the Jordan River before crossing into Persia. Persian diplomats came to Constantinople over the winter of —, seeking peace, but Constantine turned them away.
The campaign was called off, however, when Constantine became sick in the spring of Constantine knew death would soon come. Within the Church of the Holy Apostles, Constantine had secretly prepared a final resting-place for himself.
Soon after the Feast of Easter , Constantine fell seriously ill. There, in a church his mother built in honor of Lucian the Apostle, he prayed, and there he realized that he was dying.
Seeking purification, he became a catechumen , and attempted a return to Constantinople, making it only as far as a suburb of Nicomedia.
He requested the baptism right away, promising to live a more Christian life should he live through his illness. The bishops, Eusebius records, "performed the sacred ceremonies according to custom".
Although Constantine's death follows the conclusion of the Persian campaign in Eusebius's account, most other sources report his death as occurring in its middle.
Emperor Julian the Apostate a nephew of Constantine , writing in the mids, observes that the Sassanians escaped punishment for their ill-deeds, because Constantine died "in the middle of his preparations for war".
Following his death, his body was transferred to Constantinople and buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles , [] in a porphyry sarcophagus that was described in the 10th century by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus in the De Ceremoniis.
A number of relatives were killed by followers of Constantius, notably Constantine's nephews Dalmatius who held the rank of Caesar and Hannibalianus , presumably to eliminate possible contenders to an already complicated succession.
He also had two daughters, Constantina and Helena , wife of Emperor Julian. Constantine gained his honorific of "the Great" from Christian historians long after he had died, but he could have claimed the title on his military achievements and victories alone.
He reunited the Empire under one emperor, and he won major victories over the Franks and Alamanni in —, the Franks again in —, the Goths in , and the Sarmatians in By , he had reoccupied most of the long-lost province of Dacia which Aurelian had been forced to abandon in At the time of his death, he was planning a great expedition to end raids on the eastern provinces from the Persian Empire.
In the cultural sphere, Constantine revived the clean-shaven face fashion of the Roman emperors from Augustus to Trajan , which was originally introduced among the Romans by Scipio Africanus.
This new Roman imperial fashion lasted until the reign of Phocas. The Holy Roman Empire reckoned Constantine among the venerable figures of its tradition.
In the later Byzantine state, it became a great honor for an emperor to be hailed as a "new Constantine"; ten emperors carried the name, including the last emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Constantine acquired a mythic role as a warrior against heathens. The motif of the Romanesque equestrian, the mounted figure in the posture of a triumphant Roman emperor, became a visual metaphor in statuary in praise of local benefactors.
The name "Constantine" itself enjoyed renewed popularity in western France in the eleventh and twelfth centuries.
Constantine was presented as a paragon of virtue during his lifetime. Pagans showered him with praise, such as Praxagoras of Athens , and Libanius.
His nephew and son-in-law Julian the Apostate, however, wrote the satire Symposium, or the Saturnalia in , after the last of his sons died; it denigrated Constantine, calling him inferior to the great pagan emperors, and given over to luxury and greed.
Constantine was presented as an ideal ruler during the Middle Ages, the standard against which any king or emperor could be measured. German humanist Johannes Leunclavius discovered Zosimus' writings and published a Latin translation in In its preface, he argued that Zosimus' picture of Constantine offered a more balanced view than that of Eusebius and the Church historians.
Baronius' Life of Constantine presents Constantine as the model of a Christian prince. Burckhardt's Constantine is a scheming secularist, a politician who manipulates all parties in a quest to secure his own power.
These later accounts were more willing to present Constantine as a genuine convert to Christianity. Norman H. Baynes began a historiographic tradition with Constantine the Great and the Christian Church which presents Constantine as a committed Christian, reinforced by Andreas Alföldi 's The Conversion of Constantine and Pagan Rome , and Timothy Barnes 's Constantine and Eusebius is the culmination of this trend.
Barnes' Constantine experienced a radical conversion which drove him on a personal crusade to convert his empire.
Elliott's The Christianity of Constantine the Great , which presented Constantine as a committed Christian from early childhood. Latin Rite Catholics considered it inappropriate that Constantine was baptized only on his death bed by an unorthodox bishop, as it undermined the authority of the Papacy, and a legend emerged by the early fourth century that Pope Sylvester I — had cured the pagan emperor from leprosy.
According to this legend, Constantine was soon baptized and began the construction of a church in the Lateran Palace. During the medieval period, Britons regarded Constantine as a king of their own people, particularly associating him with Caernarfon in Gwynedd.
While some of this is owed to his fame and his proclamation as Emperor in Britain , there was also confusion of his family with Magnus Maximus 's supposed wife Saint Elen and her son, another Constantine Welsh : Custennin.
In the 12th century Henry of Huntingdon included a passage in his Historia Anglorum that the Emperor Constantine's mother was a Briton, making her the daughter of King Cole of Colchester.
Afraid of the Romans, Cole submitted to Roman law so long as he retained his kingship. However, he died only a month later, and Constantius took the throne himself, marrying Cole's daughter Helena.
They had their son Constantine, who succeeded his father as King of Britain before becoming Roman Emperor. Historically, this series of events is extremely improbable.
Constantius had already left Helena by the time he left for Britain. Henry's source for the story is unknown, though it may have been a lost hagiography of Helena.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Roman emperor from to For other uses, see Constantine disambiguation , Constantine I disambiguation , and Patriarch Constantine of Constantinople.
Minervina may have been his concubine Fausta. Mosaic in the Hagia Sophia , section: Maria as patron saint of Constantinople, detail: donor portrait of Emperor Constantine I with a model of the city.
See also: Civil wars of the Tetrarchy. Battles of Constantine I. Main article: Battle of the Milvian Bridge.
Further information: Ponte Milvio. The northern and eastern frontiers of the Roman Empire in the time of Constantine, with the territories acquired in the course of the thirty years of military campaigns between and Gold medallion struck at Nicomedia in — to celebrate the 30th anniversary of his rule.
The Constantinian dynasty down to Gratian r. Jesus Christ. Nativity Crucifixion Resurrection. Bible Foundations.
History Tradition. Denominations Groups. Related topics. Main article: Donation of Constantine. Byzantine Empire portal Saints portal.
See Philip the Arab and Christianity. Lenski, "Reign of Constantine" CC , Pohlsander, "Philip the Arab and Christianity", Historia : — Byzantium First American ed.
New York. Retrieved 3 March Constantinople: Capital of Byzantium 2nd ed. Bloomsbury Academic. Constantine and the Christian empire.
London: Routledge. Los Angeles, CA: J. Paul Getty Museum. Conflict, conquest, and conversion two thousand years of Christian missions in the Middle East.
New York: Columbia University Press. Contra: J. See also: William E. Gwatkin, Jr. Roman Trier. Odahl, 83; Rodgers, Odahl, Retrieved 28 June Archived from the original on 19 January Retrieved 5 February Gregory, A History of Byzantium.
Hiersemann, , column , there is no evidence for the tradition that Constantine officially dubbed the city "New Rome" Nova Roma or Nea Rhome.
Commemorative coins that were issued during the s already refer to the city as Constantinopolis Michael Grant, The Climax of Rome London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, , It is possible that the emperor called the city "Second Rome" Deutera Rhome by official decree, as reported by the 5th-century church historian Socrates of Constantinople.
The Age of Constantine and Julian. Gerberding and J. Jews and Christians in the Holy Land. If a Jew has bought and circumcised a Christian slave or one belonging to any other religious community, he may under no circumstances keep the circumcised person in slavery; rather, whoever suffers such a thing shall obtain the privilege of freedom.
Claude Lepelley , "Fine delle' ordine equestre: le tappe delle'unificazione dela classe dirigente romana nel IV secolo", IN Giardina, ed.
Retrieved 5 October Pass 45; Woods, "Death of the Empress," 71— Cetatea de Scaun. See also: Fowden, "Last Days", —48, and Wiemer, In this period infant baptism, though practiced usually in circumstances of emergency had not yet become a matter of routine in the west.
Thomas M. Vasiliev Dumbarton Oaks Papers. Retrieved 15 April Retrieved 7 November See also Lenski, "Introduction" CC , 6—7. Samuel N. The English Historical Review 37 , 86—7.
De Monarchia 3. Oxford University Press. CS1 maint: extra text: authors list link. Athanasius of Alexandria.
Apologia contra Arianos Defence against the Arians c. Atkinson, M. Apologia Contra Arianos. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight.
Online at New Advent. Retrieved 14 August Newman, John Henry, trans. De Decretis. Retrieved 28 September Historia Arianorum.
Codex Theodosianus Theodosian Code Mommsen, T. Meyer, eds. Berlin: Weidmann, [] Prepared for online use by R.
Salway, Preface, books 1—8. Retrieved 25 August Unknown edition in Latin. Online at AncientRome. Retrieved 15 August Scott, Samuel P.
Online at the Constitution Society. Krueger, Paul, ed. Banchich, Thomas M. Canisius College Translated Texts 1. Buffalo, NY: Canisius College, Online at De Imperatoribus Romanis.
Eunapius , History from Dexippus first edition c. Historia Ecclesiastica Church History first seven books c.
Throughout his life, Constantine ascribed his success to his conversion to Christianity and the support of the Christian God. This is the account given by the Christian apologist Lactantius.
The civil war itself fostered religious competition, each side enlisting its divine support, and it would be thought in no way unusual that Constantine should have sought divine help for his claim for power and divine justification for his acquisition of it.
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It looks like we don't have any Awards for this title yet. Be the first to contribute! For guidance, please visit the Awards submission guide. Constantine ist ein US-amerikanischer Mystery-Thriller nach der Comicserie Hellblazer aus dem Jahr , in dem es um einen Konflikt zwischen Himmel und. Constantine. IMDb 7,02 Std+. Just beneath the streets of modern-day Los Angeles lies a world of demons and angels. Globetrotting misfit and.
Let's get your review verified. These later accounts were more willing to present Constantine Die Poetin Constantine Imdb genuine convert to Christianity. A Spuk Im Reich Der Schatten Stream zombie working for Papa Midnite attacks John and Jim kills it. Retrieved August 13, Global Television Network. Christine Boylan. As emperor, Constantine enacted administrative, financial, social and Game Two Nasti reforms to strengthen the empire. Read more below: Career and conversion. Following his death, his body was transferred to Constantinople and buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles[] in a porphyry sarcophagus that was described in the 10th century by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus in the De Ceremoniis.
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