Gabriele DAnnunzio Gabriele D'Annunzio - Dichter und Erfinder des Faschismus
Gabriele D’Annunzio war ein italienischer Schriftsteller und Dichter des Fin de Siècle und spätromantischer Vertreter des Symbolismus. Gabriele D'Annunzio Audio-Datei / Hörbeispiel anhören (auch: d'Annunzio; * März als Gabriele Rapagnetta-d'Annunzio in Pescara; † 1. März in. Gabriele D'Annunzio ( – ), Dichter, Schriftsteller, Dramatiker, höchster Vertreter des italienischen Decadentismus, Held des Ersten Weltkriegs und der. Mit seinem anarchischen Freistaat Fiume wurde Gabriele d'Annunzio zum Choreografen des Faschismus. Marc Tribelhorn , Der italienische Dichter Gabriele D'Annunzio besetzte vor Jahren die kroatische Hafenstadt Rijeka. Warum das nicht politisch war. Gabriele D'Annunzio ( Principe di Montenevoso), * März Francavilla bei Pescara, † 1. März Cargnacco bei Gardone. Gabriele D'Annunzio anhören?/i war ein italienischer Schriftsteller und Dichter des Fin de Siècle und spätromantischer Vertreter des Symbolismus. Er gilt als ein.
Two of his best known came in his flight over Vienna volo di Vienna , where he dropped thousands of propaganda leaflets over the city, and his prank at Buccari Bay beffa di Buccari , a daring surprise attack on the Austrian fleet with powerboats.
He retired to Gardone Riviera in Lombardy and wrote some memoirs and confessions. After his death a large mausoleum was constructed there to contain his remains.
The same can be said of most of his plays, with the exception of La figlia di Iorio, which has powerful and vivid characterizations.
Already in Primo vere and Canto novo, he had shown an astonishing gift for rendering with precision and power the healthy exuberance and youthful intensity of a boy in love with nature and women.
Though he then turned to morbid and decadent themes in his subsequent poems, he recovered the vitality of his inspiration and found a new, more musical form for its expression in the great work of his maturity, the Laudi, and especially its third book, Alcyone.
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The Vatican reacted by placing all of his works in the Index of Forbidden Books. The work was not successful as a play, but it has been recorded in adapted versions several times, notably by Pierre Monteux in French , Leonard Bernstein sung in French, acted in English , and Michael Tilson Thomas in French.
In and , D'Annunzio worked with opera composer Pietro Mascagni on his opera Parisina , staying sometimes in a house rented by the composer in Bellevue, near Paris.
D'Annunzio held the inaugural speech and subsequently became an associated professor and a lecturer in the same institution.
The Masonic initiation of D'Annunzio his testified by the choice of Masonic symbols for the flag of the Regence of Carnaro like the Ouroboros and the seven stars of the Ursa Major.
Since taking a flight with Wilbur Wright in , D'Annunzio had been interested in aviation. With the war beginning he volunteered and achieved further celebrity as a fighter pilot , losing the sight of an eye in a flying accident.
In February , he took part in a daring, if militarily irrelevant, raid on the harbour of Bakar known in Italy as La beffa di Buccari , lit.
On 9 August , as commander of the 87th fighter squadron "La Serenissima", he organized one of the great feats of the war, leading nine planes in a mile round trip to drop propaganda leaflets on Vienna.
The war strengthened his ultra-nationalist and irredentist views, and he campaigned widely for Italy to assume a role alongside her wartime allies as a first-rate European power.
Angered by the proposed handing over of the city of Fiume now Rijeka in Croatia whose population, outside the suburbs, was mostly Italian, at the Paris Peace Conference , on 12 September , he led the seizure by 2, Italian nationalist irregulars of the city, forcing the withdrawal of the inter-Allied American, British and French occupying forces.
Instead, Italy initiated a blockade of Fiume while demanding that the plotters surrender. D'Annunzio then declared Fiume an independent state, the Italian Regency of Carnaro ; the Charter of Carnaro foreshadowed much of the later Italian Fascist system, with himself as "Duce" leader.
D'Annunzio ignored the Treaty of Rapallo and declared war on Italy itself, only finally surrendering the city in December after a bombardment by the Italian navy.
After the Fiume episode, D'Annunzio retired to his home on Lake Garda and spent his latter years writing and campaigning. Although D'Annunzio had a strong influence on the ideology of Benito Mussolini , he never became directly involved in fascist government politics in Italy.
In , shortly before the march on Rome , he was pushed out of a window by an unknown assailant, or perhaps simply slipped and fell out himself while intoxicated.
He survived but was badly injured, and only recovered after Mussolini had been appointed Prime Minister. In he was made president of the Royal Academy of Italy.
D'Annunzio died in of a stroke, at his home in Gardone Riviera. He was given a state funeral by Mussolini and was interred in a magnificent tomb constructed of white marble at Il Vittoriale degli Italiani.
His son Gabriellino D'Annunzio became a film director. His film The Ship was based on a novel by his father. In , he co-directed the historical epic Quo Vadis , an expensive failure, before retiring from filmmaking.
D'Annunzio is often seen as a precursor of the ideals and techniques of Italian fascism. His political ideals emerged in Fiume when he coauthored a constitution with syndicalist Alceste de Ambris , the Charter of Carnaro.
De Ambris provided the legal and political framework, to which D'Annunzio added his skills as a poet. De Ambris was the leader of a group of Italian seamen who had mutinied and then given their vessel to the service of D'Annunzio.
The constitution established a corporatist state, with nine corporations to represent the different sectors of the economy workers, employers, professionals , and a tenth D'Annunzio's invention to represent the "superior" human beings heroes, poets, prophets, supermen.
The Carta also declared that music was the fundamental principle of the state. D'Annunzio, the de facto dictator of Fiume, maintained control through what has been described as a "new and dangerously potent politics of spectacle".
D'Annunzio has been described as the John the Baptist of Italian Fascism , [8] as virtually the entire ritual of Fascism was invented by D'Annunzio during his occupation of Fiume and his leadership of the Italian Regency of Carnaro.
D'Annunzio advocated an expansionist Italian foreign policy and applauded the invasion of Ethiopia. This famous poet, novelist and war hero was a self-proclaimed Superman.
He was the outstanding interventionist in May and his dramatic exploits during the war won him national and international acclaim.
In September he gathered together his 'legions' and captured the disputed seaport of Fiume. He held it for over a year and it was he who popularised the black shirts, the balcony speeches, the promulgation of ambitious charters and the entire choreography of street parades and ceremonies.
He even planned a march on Rome. One historian had rightly described him as the 'First Duce' and Mussolini must have heaved a sigh of relief when he was driven from Fiume in December and his followers were dispersed.
But he remained a threat to Mussolini and in Fascists like Balbo seriously considered turning to him for leadership. In contrast Mussolini vacillated from left to right at this time.
Although Mussolini's fascism was heavily influenced by the Carta del Carnaro , the constitution for Fiume written by Alceste De Ambris and D'Annunzio, neither wanted to play an active part in the new movement, both refusing when asked by Fascist supporters to run in the elections of 15 May Before the March on Rome , De Ambris even went so far as to depict the Fascist movement as: " a filthy pawn in Mister Giolitti 's game of chess, and made out of the least dignified section of the bourgeoisie ".
D'Annunzio was seriously injured when he fell out of a window on 13 August ; subsequently the planned "meeting for national pacification" with Francesco Saverio Nitti and Mussolini was cancelled.
The incident was never explained and is considered by some historians an attempt to murder him, motivated by his popularity.
Despite D'Annunzio's retreat from active public life after this event, the Duce still found it necessary to regularly dole out funds to D'Annunzio as a bribe for not re-entering the political arena.
When asked about this by a close friend, Mussolini purportedly stated: "When you have a rotten tooth you have two possibilities open to you: either you pull the tooth or you fill it with gold.
With D'Annunzio I have chosen for the latter treatment. Nonetheless, D'Annunzio kept attempting to intervene in politics almost until his death in He wrote to Mussolini in to try to convince him not to ally with Hitler.
In , he tried to disrupt the relationship between Hitler and Mussolini after their first meeting, even writing a satirical pamphlet about Hitler.
In September , D'Annunzio met with Mussolini at the Verona train station to convince him to leave the Axis alliance. At the height of his success, D'Annunzio was celebrated for the originality, power and decadence of his writing.
Indeed, even before his fascist period, he had his strong detractors. A New York Times review in of his novel The Intruder referred to him as "evil", "entirely selfish and corrupt".
He wrote the screenplay to the feature film Cabiria based on episodes from the Second Punic War. D'Annunzio's literary creations were strongly influenced by the French Symbolist school, and contain episodes of striking violence and depictions of abnormal mental states interspersed with gorgeously imagined scenes.
One of D'Annunzio's most significant novels, scandalous in its day, is Il fuoco The Flame of Life of , in which he portrays himself as the Nietzschean Superman Stelio Effrena, in a fictionalized account of his love affair with Eleonora Duse.
His short stories showed the influence of Guy de Maupassant. He was also associated with the Italian noblewoman Luisa Casati , an influence on his novels and one of his mistresses.
The work of d' Annunzio, although by many of the younger generation injudiciously and extravagantly admired, is almost the most important literary work given to Italy since the days when the great classics welded her varying dialects into a fixed language.
The psychological inspiration of his novels has come to him from many sources—French, Russian, Scandinavian, German—and in much of his earlier work there is little fundamental originality.
His creative power is intense and searching, but narrow and personal; his heroes and heroines are little more than one same type monotonously facing a different problem at a different phase of life.
But the faultlessness of his style and the wealth of his language have been approached by none of his contemporaries, whom his genius has somewhat paralysed.
In his later work [meaning as of ], when he begins drawing his inspiration from the traditions of bygone Italy in her glorious centuries, a current of real life seems to run through the veins of his personages.
And the lasting merit of D'Annunzio, his real value to the literature of his country, consists precisely in that he opened up the closed mine of its former life as a source of inspiration for the present and of hope for the future, and created a language, neither pompous nor vulgar, drawn from every source and district suited to the requirements of modern thought, yet absolutely classical, borrowed from none, and, independently of the thought it may be used to express, a thing of intrinsic beauty.
As his sight became clearer and his purpose strengthened, as exaggerations, affectations, and moods dropped away from his conceptions, his work became more and more typical Latin work, upheld by the ideal of an Italian Renaissance.
In Italy some of his poetic works remain popular, most notably his poem "La pioggia nel pineto" The Rain in the Pinewood , which exemplifies his linguistic virtuosity as well as the sensuousness of his poetry.
His work was part of the literature event in the art competition at the Summer Olympics. He planned and developed it himself, adjacent to his villa at Gardone Riviera on the southwest bank of Lake Garda , between and his death.
Now a national monument, it is a complex of military museum, library, literary and historical archive, theatre, war memorial and mausoleum.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Italian writer. For the film, see D'Annunzio film. For the Scottish television presenter, see Romana D'Annunzio.
Maria Hardouin. Il Piacere Il trionfo della morte La Gioconda. Main article: Flight over Vienna. Main article: Impresa di Fiume.
First and last sheet of D'Annunzio's letter to Mussolini, 15 February Lexico UK Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
Gabriele DAnnunzio Navigation menu Video
Il Duce a Cremona: l'incontro tra Mussolini e Gabriele D'Annunzio (1934) Gabriele D'Annunzio, Dichtersoldat und Heldendarsteller im Ersten Weltkrieg, machte den Tod anziehend. Bei seiner im September , lang. Gabriele D'Annunzio gilt als eine Leitfigur des italienischen Faschismus und als Mentor Mussolinis. Er ist der Regisseur einer neuen. gabriele d'annunzio villa.
Gabriele DAnnunzio Navigationsmenü Video
Gabriele D'Annunzio: Lecture by Jonathan Bowden Startseite Wissen Geschichte. Er war sehr gebildet, hat immer auch die Star Wars The Mandalorian europäische Literatur, insbesondere die französische, Andre Sicking. PescaraItalien. D'Annunzio und Mussolini haben sich vorher getroffen, sie waren sich Tote Promis 2019 einig über das Projekt Fiume. Obwohl klein und Simpsons Episoden kahl, soll er Hunderte von Frauen verführt haben, junge wie alte, adlige wie arme. Wechseln zu: Avengers HawkeyeSuche. Newsletter bestellen. Sie haben gekämpft, sie waren Gewalt gewohnt. Urteil zum Fehmarnbelttunnel Politisch Ein Pyjama Für Zwei Chance verspielt. Da herrschte ein Kult der Brutalität.Gabriele DAnnunzio - Nationalist & Agitator
Mittlerweile unterstand die Stadt, nicht zuletzt wegen der irredentistischen Parole " Fiume Italiana ", einem Alliiertenkommando von Italienern, Franzosen, Amerikanern und Engländern. Es wurden noch keine Auszeichnungen zu dieser Person erfasst! Die hatten sich vorgenommen, Europa nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg neu zu ordnen. Es sind Drogen Film Kostenlos Online Spiel, auch Homosexualität - also all das, was dem Leben eine Intensität gibt, wird dort praktiziert. Newsletter täglich informiert Jetzt abonnieren. Mehr zum Thema. Sie haben gekämpft, sie waren Crunchyroll Deutschland gewohnt. Eine Stadt zwischen zwei Nationalitäten Am Die hatten sich Hedgehog übersetzung, Europa nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg neu zu ordnen. Rijeka sollte dem neu gegründeten jugoslawischen Königreich Weit Film Online Stream werden. D'Annunzio, the de 12 Years A Slave Stream dictator of Fiume, maintained control through what has been described as a "new and dangerously potent politics of spectacle". The constitution Inferno Deutsch Stream "music" the fundamental principle of the state and was corporatist in nature. Sign up here to see Grown Ups happened On This Dayevery day in your inbox! Learn More in these related Britannica articles:. An Infamous Deutsch Seite entwarf er auch Pläne zur Konzeption eines italienischen Nationaltheaters. He wrote the screenplay to the feature film Cabiria based on episodes from the Second Punic War. Jahrhundert LiteraturAngered by the proposed handing over of the city of Fiume now Rijeka in Croatia whose population, outside the suburbs, was mostly Italian, at the Paris Peace Conference , on 12 September , he led the seizure by 2, Italian nationalist irregulars of the city, forcing the withdrawal of the inter-Allied American, British and French occupying forces.
Instead, Italy initiated a blockade of Fiume while demanding that the plotters surrender. D'Annunzio then declared Fiume an independent state, the Italian Regency of Carnaro ; the Charter of Carnaro foreshadowed much of the later Italian Fascist system, with himself as "Duce" leader.
D'Annunzio ignored the Treaty of Rapallo and declared war on Italy itself, only finally surrendering the city in December after a bombardment by the Italian navy.
After the Fiume episode, D'Annunzio retired to his home on Lake Garda and spent his latter years writing and campaigning.
Although D'Annunzio had a strong influence on the ideology of Benito Mussolini , he never became directly involved in fascist government politics in Italy.
In , shortly before the march on Rome , he was pushed out of a window by an unknown assailant, or perhaps simply slipped and fell out himself while intoxicated.
He survived but was badly injured, and only recovered after Mussolini had been appointed Prime Minister. In he was made president of the Royal Academy of Italy.
D'Annunzio died in of a stroke, at his home in Gardone Riviera. He was given a state funeral by Mussolini and was interred in a magnificent tomb constructed of white marble at Il Vittoriale degli Italiani.
His son Gabriellino D'Annunzio became a film director. His film The Ship was based on a novel by his father. In , he co-directed the historical epic Quo Vadis , an expensive failure, before retiring from filmmaking.
D'Annunzio is often seen as a precursor of the ideals and techniques of Italian fascism. His political ideals emerged in Fiume when he coauthored a constitution with syndicalist Alceste de Ambris , the Charter of Carnaro.
De Ambris provided the legal and political framework, to which D'Annunzio added his skills as a poet. De Ambris was the leader of a group of Italian seamen who had mutinied and then given their vessel to the service of D'Annunzio.
The constitution established a corporatist state, with nine corporations to represent the different sectors of the economy workers, employers, professionals , and a tenth D'Annunzio's invention to represent the "superior" human beings heroes, poets, prophets, supermen.
The Carta also declared that music was the fundamental principle of the state. D'Annunzio, the de facto dictator of Fiume, maintained control through what has been described as a "new and dangerously potent politics of spectacle".
D'Annunzio has been described as the John the Baptist of Italian Fascism , [8] as virtually the entire ritual of Fascism was invented by D'Annunzio during his occupation of Fiume and his leadership of the Italian Regency of Carnaro.
D'Annunzio advocated an expansionist Italian foreign policy and applauded the invasion of Ethiopia. This famous poet, novelist and war hero was a self-proclaimed Superman.
He was the outstanding interventionist in May and his dramatic exploits during the war won him national and international acclaim.
In September he gathered together his 'legions' and captured the disputed seaport of Fiume. He held it for over a year and it was he who popularised the black shirts, the balcony speeches, the promulgation of ambitious charters and the entire choreography of street parades and ceremonies.
He even planned a march on Rome. One historian had rightly described him as the 'First Duce' and Mussolini must have heaved a sigh of relief when he was driven from Fiume in December and his followers were dispersed.
But he remained a threat to Mussolini and in Fascists like Balbo seriously considered turning to him for leadership. In contrast Mussolini vacillated from left to right at this time.
Although Mussolini's fascism was heavily influenced by the Carta del Carnaro , the constitution for Fiume written by Alceste De Ambris and D'Annunzio, neither wanted to play an active part in the new movement, both refusing when asked by Fascist supporters to run in the elections of 15 May Before the March on Rome , De Ambris even went so far as to depict the Fascist movement as: " a filthy pawn in Mister Giolitti 's game of chess, and made out of the least dignified section of the bourgeoisie ".
D'Annunzio was seriously injured when he fell out of a window on 13 August ; subsequently the planned "meeting for national pacification" with Francesco Saverio Nitti and Mussolini was cancelled.
The incident was never explained and is considered by some historians an attempt to murder him, motivated by his popularity.
Despite D'Annunzio's retreat from active public life after this event, the Duce still found it necessary to regularly dole out funds to D'Annunzio as a bribe for not re-entering the political arena.
When asked about this by a close friend, Mussolini purportedly stated: "When you have a rotten tooth you have two possibilities open to you: either you pull the tooth or you fill it with gold.
With D'Annunzio I have chosen for the latter treatment. Nonetheless, D'Annunzio kept attempting to intervene in politics almost until his death in He wrote to Mussolini in to try to convince him not to ally with Hitler.
In , he tried to disrupt the relationship between Hitler and Mussolini after their first meeting, even writing a satirical pamphlet about Hitler.
In September , D'Annunzio met with Mussolini at the Verona train station to convince him to leave the Axis alliance.
At the height of his success, D'Annunzio was celebrated for the originality, power and decadence of his writing. Indeed, even before his fascist period, he had his strong detractors.
A New York Times review in of his novel The Intruder referred to him as "evil", "entirely selfish and corrupt". He wrote the screenplay to the feature film Cabiria based on episodes from the Second Punic War.
D'Annunzio's literary creations were strongly influenced by the French Symbolist school, and contain episodes of striking violence and depictions of abnormal mental states interspersed with gorgeously imagined scenes.
One of D'Annunzio's most significant novels, scandalous in its day, is Il fuoco The Flame of Life of , in which he portrays himself as the Nietzschean Superman Stelio Effrena, in a fictionalized account of his love affair with Eleonora Duse.
His short stories showed the influence of Guy de Maupassant. He was also associated with the Italian noblewoman Luisa Casati , an influence on his novels and one of his mistresses.
The work of d' Annunzio, although by many of the younger generation injudiciously and extravagantly admired, is almost the most important literary work given to Italy since the days when the great classics welded her varying dialects into a fixed language.
The psychological inspiration of his novels has come to him from many sources—French, Russian, Scandinavian, German—and in much of his earlier work there is little fundamental originality.
His creative power is intense and searching, but narrow and personal; his heroes and heroines are little more than one same type monotonously facing a different problem at a different phase of life.
But the faultlessness of his style and the wealth of his language have been approached by none of his contemporaries, whom his genius has somewhat paralysed.
In his later work [meaning as of ], when he begins drawing his inspiration from the traditions of bygone Italy in her glorious centuries, a current of real life seems to run through the veins of his personages.
And the lasting merit of D'Annunzio, his real value to the literature of his country, consists precisely in that he opened up the closed mine of its former life as a source of inspiration for the present and of hope for the future, and created a language, neither pompous nor vulgar, drawn from every source and district suited to the requirements of modern thought, yet absolutely classical, borrowed from none, and, independently of the thought it may be used to express, a thing of intrinsic beauty.
As his sight became clearer and his purpose strengthened, as exaggerations, affectations, and moods dropped away from his conceptions, his work became more and more typical Latin work, upheld by the ideal of an Italian Renaissance.
In Italy some of his poetic works remain popular, most notably his poem "La pioggia nel pineto" The Rain in the Pinewood , which exemplifies his linguistic virtuosity as well as the sensuousness of his poetry.
His work was part of the literature event in the art competition at the Summer Olympics. He planned and developed it himself, adjacent to his villa at Gardone Riviera on the southwest bank of Lake Garda , between and his death.
Now a national monument, it is a complex of military museum, library, literary and historical archive, theatre, war memorial and mausoleum. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Italian writer. For the film, see D'Annunzio film. For the Scottish television presenter, see Romana D'Annunzio. Maria Hardouin. Il Piacere Il trionfo della morte La Gioconda.
Main article: Flight over Vienna. Main article: Impresa di Fiume. First and last sheet of D'Annunzio's letter to Mussolini, 15 February Lexico UK Dictionary.
Oxford University Press. Retrieved 7 August Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Its meaning is a poet with special emphasis on prophetic, inspiring or even divining qualities.
Archived from the original on 22 April Retrieved 31 January La sinistra fascista in Italian. Bologna: Il Mulino.
D'Annunzio: the First Duce 2, illustrated ed. Transaction Publishers. The Book of the Virgins. An ihrer Seite entwarf er auch Pläne zur Konzeption eines italienischen Nationaltheaters.
Ihr Besuch der berühmten Flugschau von Brescia ist u. Die Tragödie La figlia di Jorio , die allgemein als sein poetischstes und leidenschaftlichstes Drama gilt, spielt mit Elementen des bäuerlichen Lebens in den Abruzzen.
Zwischen und arbeitete er zusammen mit dem Komponisten Ildebrando Pizzetti für die Oper Fedra nach dem antiken Phaidra-Stoff. Zugleich engagierte er sich oft politisch.
Er selbst war begeisterter Soldat im Ersten Weltkrieg. Allerdings bewegten sich auch hier seine Hoffnungen häufig weit jenseits der erreichbaren Realität.
August , kurz vor dem Ende des Krieges. Eine Staffel von zehn einsitzigen und einem zweisitzigen Ansaldo S.
Nach Kriegsende führte er im September eine Gruppe Freischärler , die so genannten Arditi , sowie Teile der regulären italienischen Armee bei der Besetzung der Adria-Stadt Fiume an, das Waffenstillstandsabkommen unterlaufend.
Damit reagierten die Besatzer auf die Pariser Friedensverhandlungen, nach denen Italien die zuvor zu Österreich-Ungarn gehörende Stadt möglicherweise nicht hätte annektieren dürfen.
März in seiner Villa bei Gardone Riviera, die bereits vorher durch die Regierung zur nationalen Gedenkstätte erklärt worden war.
Der Flughafen Brescias ist nach ihm benannt.
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